{"id":1238,"date":"2024-04-18T18:00:27","date_gmt":"2024-04-18T18:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/?p=1238"},"modified":"2024-04-18T18:00:27","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T18:00:27","slug":"abdullah-ocalan-ve-mandela-yuregi-ozgurluk-icin-atan-insanlara-umut-oldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/abdullah-ocalan-ve-mandela-yuregi-ozgurluk-icin-atan-insanlara-umut-oldu\/","title":{"rendered":"Abdullah \u00d6calan ve Mandela y\u00fcre\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in atan insanlara umut oldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abdullah \u00d6calan ve Mandela y\u00fcre\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in atan insanlara umut oldu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Mohamed Rifat El-\u0130mam, Nelson Mandela ile Abdullah \u00d6calan’\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelliklerini kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalesinde, halk\u0131n\u0131 esaretten kurtarmak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ba\u015flatan her iki liderin de y\u00fcre\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in atan insanlara umut oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n

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M\u0131s\u0131r D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Konseyi \u00dcyesi ve M\u0131s\u0131r Damanhour \u00dcniversitesi Sanat Fak\u00fcltesi eski Dekan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Mohamed Rifat El-\u0130mam, G\u00fcney Afrika Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Nelson Mandela ve K\u00fcrt Halk \u00d6nderi Abdullah \u00d6calan’\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 konu alan, “Mandela ve \u00d6calan: Uzun geceden \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u015fafa\u011f\u0131na” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir makale yazd\u0131. Prof. Dr. Mohamed Rifat El-\u0130mam, makalesinde herkese seslendi:\u00a0 “Mandela’n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in G\u00fcney Afrika’da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen kampanyadan ders alal\u0131m. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla R\u00eaber Abdullah \u00d6calan’\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bunun i\u00e7in her yerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak laz\u0131m.”<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Mohamed Rifat El-\u0130mam\u2019\u0131n makalesinde \u015fu ifadeler yer ald\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00fcphesiz g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde iki kahraman \u015fah\u0131s \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor; biri halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve onlar\u0131 zalimlerin zulm\u00fcnden kurtarmak i\u00e7in, di\u011feri \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir ya\u015fam in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti. Bu iki \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n lideri Nelson Mandela, di\u011feri ayd\u0131n lider Abdullah \u00d6calan’d\u0131r. Her ne kadar bu iki lider zaman ve mekan olarak birbirlerinden uzak olsalar da biyografilerini ve yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrseniz m\u00fccadele haritalar\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok benzerlik bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Nelson Mandela ve ayd\u0131n lider Abdullah \u00d6calan, her iki liderin de k\u00f6klerinin k\u00f6ylere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Mandela, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Transke\u00ee\u2019nin Mvez k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fdu. \u00d6calan da ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Urfa\u2019n\u0131n Halfeti il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Amara k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fdu. Mandela’n\u0131n \u00e7evresi, bask\u0131c\u0131 ve zalim beyazlar taraf\u0131ndan ezilen, d\u0131\u015flanan, haklar\u0131 yok say\u0131lan siyahilerden olu\u015fuyordu. \u00d6calan’\u0131n \u00e7evresini ise, K\u00fcrtler, T\u00fcrkmenler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrkler, S\u00fcryaniler ve Hristiyan Ermeniler olu\u015fuyordu. \u00d6calan, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan 4 y\u0131l sonra, 4 Nisan 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu. Mandela ve \u00d6calan ilk e\u011fitimlerini k\u0131rsal \u00e7evrede ald\u0131lar, ard\u0131ndan haz\u0131rl\u0131k e\u011fitimlerini b\u00f6lgelerindeki en yak\u0131n kasabada ald\u0131lar, Mandela H\u00eel\u00eentab, \u015fehrinde, R\u00eaber \u00d6calan ise Antep\u2019in Nizip kentinde okudu.<\/p>\n

Her iki \u00f6nder de gen\u00e7liklerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda, ufku s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan k\u00f6yleri ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kasabalar\u0131 terk ederek toplumsal ve siyasi hareketlerin oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir merkezlerine gittiler. Mandela Johannesburg’a yerle\u015fti ve \u00d6calan ise \u00f6\u011frenimini Ankara’da tamamlad\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hem Mandela’n\u0131n hem de \u00d6nder \u00d6calan’\u0131n, halk\u0131n\u0131 iktidarlardan ve zalimlerden kurtarmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ruhla m\u00fccadele verdikleri ve bu \u015fekilde m\u00fccadelelerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri s\u00f6ylenebilir. Mandela-\u00d6calan’\u0131n ayd\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 lise y\u0131llar\u0131ndan gen\u00e7li\u011finin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na kadar dinsel bir karakter ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6\u011eRENC\u0130LERE \u00d6NC\u00dcL\u00dcK ETT\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lisede her ikisi de Marksizme ilgi duyuyordu. Mandela Latin Amerika’daki Marksist deneylerle ilgilenirken \u00d6nder Apo, \u00f6zellikle Leo Huberman\u2019\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSosyalizmin ABC\u201dsine ilgi duydu. Mandela ve \u00d6calan isimli gen\u00e7lerin her ikisi de hukuk okumak i\u00e7in \u00fcniversiteye gittiler. Mandela e\u011fitimini bitirince Johannesburg \u015fehrinde avukat olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6calan ise 1971 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonbahar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019ne ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Mandela ile \u00d6calan’\u0131n manevi m\u00fccadelesinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n temelleri \u00fcniversite y\u0131llar\u0131nda at\u0131ld\u0131. Johannesburg kentinde protestolar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ankara \u00dcniversitesi’nde ise \u00d6calan, 1972 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Mart ay\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Mahir \u00c7ayan ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n katledilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci protestolar\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti. Her iki devrimci gen\u00e7 de \u00e7ocukluklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda zalim iktidara kar\u015f\u0131 benzersiz bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fcler. Johannesburg’da Mandela be\u015f y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle yasakland\u0131 ve fa\u015fist beyaz yetkililer taraf\u0131ndan aran\u0131yordu. Ankara’da T\u00fcrk fa\u015fist yetkililer ise Nisan 1972’de 23 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencisini tutuklad\u0131 ve 7 ay hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rd\u0131. \u015ea\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olan \u015fu, Nisan 1949 y\u0131l\u0131 \u00d6calan’\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu y\u0131l, Nisan 1972 y\u0131l\u0131 ise \u00d6nder Apo’nun devrimci do\u011fum y\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Johannesburg’un bask\u0131lar\u0131 ve Ankara’n\u0131n tutuklama karar\u0131 Mandela ile \u00d6calan’\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin y\u00fckselmesine neden oldu. G\u00fcney Afrika’da Mandela, fa\u015fist beyaz h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Apartheid sistemine kar\u015f\u0131 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Afrika Ulusal Kongresi’ne (ANC) kat\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6nder \u00d6calan da K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n kimli\u011finin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nc\u00fc bir rol \u00fcstlendi ve m\u00fccadelesine ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir kez daha y\u00fcre\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in atan insanlara umut oldular.<\/p>\n

Afrikal\u0131 lider ve K\u00fcrt lider, ideolojik-politik bir grup olarak fa\u015fist sisteme kar\u015f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir m\u00fccadele stratejisi geli\u015ftirdi. G\u00fcney Afrika’da Mandela, Gandi\u2019nin Hindistan’daki deneyiminden ilham alan \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermeyen mekanizmay\u0131 benimsedi. Apartheid politikalar\u0131n\u0131n tehlikelerine ve felaketlerine d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekmek istedi. Mandela i\u015f\u00e7i kitleleri aras\u0131nda propaganda yapt\u0131 ve nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6netim \u015fekli olaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda \u00f6nemli dersler verdi. T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015fkentinin merkezinde \u00d6calan, Haki Karer, Kemal Pir ve di\u011fer yolda\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte 1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bir manifesto yazd\u0131lar, yani Kurdistan devriminin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

DEVR\u0130M M\u00dcJDES\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mandela ayn\u0131 zamanda devrim i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m atarak G\u00fcney Afrika halk\u0131na rol model oldu. Ayr\u0131ca \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n m\u00fccadelesi de en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u015famaya ula\u015ft\u0131 ve \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden devrimin yay\u0131larak bir halk hareketi haline geldi. \u00d6zellikle Amed, A\u011fr\u0131, Dersim, Elaz\u0131\u011f, Antep, Urfa gibi bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgede m\u00fccadele b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l m\u00fccadelenin sahada somut olumlu sonu\u00e7lar alamamas\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 her iki lider de silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadele deneyimlerinden ilham alarak silahl\u0131 devrimci \u00f6rg\u00fctler kurdular.<\/p>\n

Mandela, Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde AMCA MK askeri kanad\u0131n\u0131 kurdu, Apartheid politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fckseltti ve bir milyon \u015fehidi olan Cezayir’de askeri e\u011fitim verdi. \u00d6calan, Amed\u2019de Kurdistan \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi’ni (PKK) kurdu ve genel merkezini Filistinli silahl\u0131 gruplarla birlikte e\u011fitim ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Beyrut’a ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. 1984 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n A\u011fustos ay\u0131 ortalar\u0131nda silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flayan PKK, T\u00fcrk yetkililerin, Mara\u015f, Malatya, Ad\u0131yaman ve Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katliamlar\u0131 ve Diyarbak\u0131r cezaevindeki vah\u015fetlerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130DEN YOLU G\u00d6STERD\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hem Mandela hem de \u00d6calan hapse at\u0131ld\u0131. Mandela serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da demokratik bir de\u011fi\u015fim yaratt\u0131. \u00d6nder Apo da \u0130mral\u0131 Cezaevi’nde K\u00fcrt halk\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck haritas\u0131 \u00e7izerek halklar\u0131n yolunu ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 kurumlar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunuyorum; nas\u0131l ki 18 Temmuz \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Nelson Mandela G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d olarak kabul edildiyse, her y\u0131l 4 Nisan’\u0131 da \u00d6calan Bar\u0131\u015f G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul edilsin. Ayr\u0131ca Mandela’n\u0131n G\u00fcney Afrika’da y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck kampanyas\u0131ndan da ders almaya \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 var. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00d6nder Abdullah \u00d6calan’\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bunun i\u00e7in her yerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

\n

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\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abdullah \u00d6calan ve Mandela y\u00fcre\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in atan insanlara umut oldu Prof. Dr. Mohamed Rifat El-\u0130mam, Nelson Mandela ile Abdullah \u00d6calan’\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelliklerini kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalesinde, halk\u0131n\u0131 esaretten kurtarmak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ba\u015flatan her iki liderin de y\u00fcre\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in atan insanlara umut oldu\u011funu belirtti. M\u0131s\u0131r D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Konseyi \u00dcyesi ve M\u0131s\u0131r Damanhour \u00dcniversitesi Sanat Fak\u00fcltesi eski …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1239,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makale"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1238"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1241,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238\/revisions\/1241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zanistencivaki.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}